Cardiothoracic surgery is constantly evolving in many aspects and there are many text books exist to fulfil the gap of new evidences. Most of these books are written for surgeons, anaesthetist and there is a significant deficit in many important areas which are explored in this book. It is aimed for all perioperative practitioners such as surgical care practitioners, surgical cardiothoracic trainees, anaesthetic trainees, anaesthetic practitioners, recovery practitioners, ward advanced nurse practitioners and perfusionists. It is very important for the perioperative practitioner who wants to start their career in cardiothoracic surgery to understand the step by step surgical procedure is vital.