Bioanalytical chemistry plays today a central role in various fields, from healthcare to food and environmental control. This book presents the main methodologies for analyzing biomacromolecules, with a focus on methods based on molecular recognition. The six chapters move from fundamentals to the most recent advances, achieved by a synergetic combination of bio and nanotechnologies. The need for rapid and reliable analytical tools able to perform a large number of quantitative analyses, not only in centralized laboratories and core facilities but also for point-of-care testing, has been dramatically stressed by the recent crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the authors is to provide graduate students and young researchers with the elements of interdisciplinary knowledge necessary not only to use the wide arsenal of bioanalytical tools available today but also to contribute to the development of even more effective devices and methods.